Outsourcing prisoners to other countries Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Outsourcing prisoners to former(a) countries - Essay ExampleOutsourcing typically refers to contracting out a range of public services and/or responsibilities to other private organizations or entities in order to achieve different types of benefits such as correctional expenditures, reduce costs, reduce crime, improve law and order, and achieve other types of correctional measures. From the perspective of criminology, according to the subject area Council on Crime and Delinquency indicated that the practice of state and local correctional agencies contracting with private entities for medical, cordial health, educational, food services, maintenance and administrative office security functions have shown significant rise notably, the correctional manner maintains control over policy decisions and the quality of service provided by the private agency, using a manage to maintain policy control and management of the private facility (Price, 2006).The most significant reasons for out sourcing parts of work up or entire work to other units are reduced costs and increased profits on with improved efficiency in yield. Williamsons (1975) analysis indicated that independent, competing service providers are potentially more economic and innovative than captive workers (cited in Mahoney, 2005 p.72). Besides these, work and services obtained from prisoners is said to be beneficial for taxpayers by reducing recidivism and promoting social duty to help criminals return to the society, with the use of cheap labor (Hollis, 2008). Overall, it can be concluded that outsourcing prisoners to other locations/countries cannot be equated with outsourcing of other services owing to the potential disastrous impact that outweighs its intend advantages.

Should Sex educations be taught in public school Essay

Should Sex educations be taught in public direct - leaven ExampleIf they know about they will do it knowledge is dangerous. Its not a revealing that the far right conservative religious factions are championing this concept much as they have for legion(predicate) centuries. Thankfully, most Americans have taken the reasonable point of view that not including sex-ed in schools would be unwarrantable because knowledge is power and the lack of it, particularly in this case, would be physically and emotionally detrimental to the children these parents gaze to protect. There exists no credible data that suggests that Sex-Ed courses encourage increased instances of sexual activity match to the foundation Health Organization. Moreover, moderation-only programs are significantly less effective than comprehensive sex-ed classes which comprise safe-sex practices in addition to abstinence instruction. These deductions came at the end of research conducted on 35 sexual education progra ms of school systems around the world. nationally research by Guttmacher Institute and Planned Parenthood produced the same conclusions. Most parents recognize that increased sentience actually encourages increased responsibility, as a muse conducted by Hickman-Brown Research found, 93 percent of the American public believes Sex-Ed should be required in at least high school while 84 percent answer it should also be taught in middle school. Most parents recognize that young commonwealth will be sexually active and are at increasingly earlier ages than previous generations. Two-thirds of American high school students have had sex by their senior year. These teens are being exposed to and dissemination sexually transmitted diseases partly due to their lack of knowledge. People under the age of 24 are responsible for 65 percent of all sexually transmitted infections contracted in this country according to the Kaiser Family Foundation and the Centers for Disease Control (Masland, 20 06). The factions against sex education have forced at least a portion of their will on society and societys children have suffered because of it. So to not scandalize this vocal minority, many Sex-Ed classes in Americas public schools have been eliminated or scaled back. What parents indispensability their kids are learn in Sex-Ed falls well short of what is in fact being taught. Parents only want their kids to understand the risks associated with sexual contact and the ways to avoid them, just as they would regarding other(a) aspects of their kids lives. blow to common wisdom, when it comes to sex education, parents want it all, from abstinence to oddity, said Steve Rabin, senior vice president of the Kaiser Family Foundation (Levine, 2000). This study surveyed more than a thousand high school youths, parents and educators in addition to more than 300 school administrators. According to the study the majority of parents thought that classroom discussions concerning rape were necessary in Sex-Ed curriculums and that education regarding homosexuality is crucial as well. Additionally, parents want public schools to talk about sexually transmitted diseases, the use of contraception, stillbirth and pregnancy. Rape is an unfortunate reality and parents, it has been demonstrated, understand that the more education their girls receive regarding rape prevention and dealings with the emotional aftermath can be only be helpful. The same as any other subject in school parents believe that the more

Social or Historical Events During the Time the Writers Wrote Research Paper

Social or Historical Events During the fourth dimension the Writers Wrote - Research Paper ExampleThe study of historical context according to the casefuled piece of literature allows the lecturer to have a better grasp of understanding of the story. Through this one must be suitable to associate the social and historical undertones found in the story to get a better cognition of the ideas of the writer. Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain is a notable example of how a story can trump out be appreciated through the application of this critical analysis. Twain was able to capture as all the way had decades ago the imagination of his readers through the garish and offbeat boyish characters that he had managed to develop. Named Samuel Clemens in real life, the germ made use of Mark Twain as a pseudonym and has been more popularly cognise by it since then. He was a known humorist of his clock and has become a pressing subject through his works. His book Huckleberry Finn has posted a dilemma where it had yielded conflicting views regarding the true intentions of the writer especially with his habitual use of the word nigger that drove some to the conclusion of its racist disposition. But more than this thither have been a great number that support the notion that what this little affectionate book has make was to race awareness and to push on the social issue of racial discrimination prevalent during its time (Kirk, p.3, 2004). While it has often been criticized for being crude and lacking the artistic value that critics of his time sought, it has continued to evoke thinking more than so many other American novels.

Contemporary isssues in Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Contemporary isssues in Marketing - Essay Exampleetitive business environment, it is evident that global marketing strategies and tactics have importantly evolved and atomic number 18 used intensively within the op termtions of the business. This is because of the increasing power of the consumers along with their ever-changing demands. This alike signifies the evolution of the customers oriented business process. This particular approach is adopted with the intention to gain matched advantages oer rivals. In this regard, it is also evident that the technological developments such as the Internet have a study role in the evolution of the business process, thereby attaining competitive advantages (Hackley, 2013).In order to gain competitive advantages, it is notable that the corporate organisations execute several activities that are required for getting the desired level of performances. These activities are giveed as ethically and morally valuable for the overall business opera tions in any sector. Eventually, it leads to kindly benefit, which indirectly benefits a corporate organisation (Tadajewski, 2004). In this context, the objective of this particular research essay is to consider all these aspects in a comprehensive or illustrative manner. The outcome of the research will after aid the young marketers and others to attain professional developments and organisational growth at the same time.In the modern era of competitive business environment, marketing strategies and tactics of companies has changed significantly. This has comfortably led to the evolution of marketing through the employment of technologies. In this regard, one of the major technological developments in the modern era is evident from the onset of net technology. Internet technology has led to the improvement of communication among people residing in different parts of the world. This has considerably supported and benefitted the corporate enterprises in gaining a better position for themselves within the marketplace. Through

Discussion Questions Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

discourse Questions - Essay ExampleThe ethical issues arising from downsizing are evaluated in terms of utilitarian ethical concepts that augur the downsizing decision or action is morally or ethical valid if it results in the great good for the greatest number of people. Another ethical issue of downsizing examines the concept of rights and duties made storied by Immanuel Kant. According to Gilbert (2000), the basic position here is that individuals suck rights, either as humans, as citizens of a given country or state, or as occupants of a particular position. These right rights contribute duties on others, and the morality of a given decision or act can be contumacious by an analysis of these rights and duties. The ethical issue in this case arises when employees stress that they have rights to their jobs and therefore managers have a duty not to lay them off. Finally, the ethics of justice and fairness are evaluated in situations where it does not seem fair for one employe e to be selected to be terminated despite performing well.

Guns and Other Weapons in Schools Research Paper

Guns and Other Weapons in Schools - Research Paper ExampleThe linages of with child(p) penalisation date back to ancient propagation, where it was used to punish and deter crime and as a policy-making tool, to suppress rebellion and dissent among the masses (Aiken 207). One of the most famous examples of capital punishment is the ending of the philosopher Socrates, who was required to drink poison for heresy (Schabas, The Death penalisation 164). Seventh century Athens, meanwhile, decreed capital punishment for any and all proven crimes (Murrie, Anumba and Keesler 125). Regio cites that ancient Babylon also decreed capital punishment for certain crimes - though it is surprising that murder was not among these. Research also highlights the role of religion in the origin of capital punishment - Islam, for example, commanded capital punishment for offenses such as treason and rape while photomosaic Law did the same for other crimes (Regio). By the eighteenth century, British col onies were enforcing the capital punishment for over dickens hundred different crimes (Murrie, Anumba and Keesler 125). This shows a varied and liberal use of the death penalty it is possible to estimate from this kind of use that the barriers to putting someone to death for crime till the nineteenth century, were anything but great. Reviewing publications on capital punishment highlights two striking features of capital punishment in ancient and gallant times the lack of due legal address preceding it, and the brutality characterizing it. Burns demonstrates how the witch hunts of atomic number 63 are a classic example of both these features - between the thirteenth and seventeenth centuries, thousands were tortured and destroy alive for practicing witchcraft, often after trials by ordeal - in a large number of cases, unrighteousness was decided by submerging the accused in a body of water, and seeing whether the accused sank or floated (95). Jewish traditions included execut ion through stoning, crucifixion and sawing through convicts (Regio). The absence of an objective legal process is also seen in the norm of torturing people who would not confess to their crimes and executing criminals by simmering them - some for several hours - until they died (Regio). Researchers take hold argued that it is important to see all of this in context - olden times were different from the red-brick era, their societal laws and values built in an environment of fear, hardness and suspicion that had resulted from irrepressible and rampant disease and death, as well as the difficulty of finding practical evidence (Schabas, The abolition of Death Penalty, Burns 94) - but, whatever the debate on why capital punishment was so put to death may be, what all researchers can agree on is a general lack of regulation and virtue in capital punishment before the modern era. With humankinds progress towards civilization, both of these things have changed. Schabas believes this is because the advance towards civilization has changed the nature of human motivation - the author argues that the socialization and interdependence that characterize the modern era, also lead to a legal system where the promotion of ethics - and not harsh intimidation - becomes the core function of criminal law (The Abolition of the Death Penalty). Over the centuries, then, societies around the human race have moved towards a legal system which regulates the nature of capital punishment, and the reasons and processes for awarding it (Schabas, The Death Penalty 159). One of the first steps towards this was made in the 1966

English writing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

English writing - Essay ExampleAmong the biggest differences between China and the States are their cultural values and these have been cultivated over a long period. China is an extremely standpat(prenominal) nation with most of the cultural practices of its people being figure outd to a certain degree by the teachings of the philosopher Confucius. This influence has been paramount in China for over two millennia and has guided the Chinese nation throughout whole its incarnations. The culture of the United States, on the other hand, is very liberal with individuals living their lives as they see fit, fashioning Americans very sovereign people from a young age. Moreover, Chinese culture dictates that younger people be subservient and submissive towards their elders, obeying them without question. Young Chinese people tend to be obliged to take treat of their elders until the latter die and in most cases, elderly Chinese are very revered in the society. This is not necessarily the case in America where younger people tend to live their deliver lives without any consideration to the wishes of their elders (Weston). The elderly people in America tend to be highly independent and often live by themselves going into homes for the elderly when they can no longer take alimony of themselves rather than living with their children.Another difference that arises between America and China is on their systems of raising, which are in many ways managed diversely. The Chinese system of education tends to be slightly more difficult than that of America because students have to undergo a rigorous system of examinations almost at every level of their education to ensure that they are competent enough to proceed to the next level. The American system, on the other hand, is less(prenominal) rigorous with the number of people whose performance in school is below average being extremely high. In China, parents tend to be very involved in

Taxation Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Taxation - Essay ExampleThis way, a universally applicable tax framework will serve to eliminate tax avoidance issues. some other argument for this proposal is based on the premise that the establishment of such a global universally applicable tax framework will create transparent and comparable information in m iodintary statements (Gassen & Sellhorn, 2006n.p.). This is because, when all countries and consequent all organizations are applying a globally universal tax framework, they will train similar and comparable pecuniary statements in all respects, which will then enhance transparency, and consequently alleviate end tax avoidance issues (Ault & Arnold, 201047). The application of a universal tax framework globally, will arrive a convergence of the International Financial Standards and the accepted National Accounting Standards in distinct countries general (Ball, R., Kothari & Robin, 200044). The convergence of the two set principles will the seal the possible loopholes applied for tax avoidance.First, the regulatory frameworks of different countries in relation to taxation are very different, with some taxable aspects of the incomes and revenues within some countries be exempted from tax in other countries (Hope, 2003236). This means that establishing a universal taxation system will finally create inherent flawed tax accounts, which are not suitable for the purpose of inspection by the authorities (Nobes, 200272). While financial statements are made for the purpose of the stakeholders of any organization, tax accounts are rigorously prepared for the purpose of authority inspection and in fulfillment of the necessary tax obligations (Barth & Lang, 2008469). Therefore, the establishment of one international tax framework will eventually create a conflict between financial accounting and tax accounting.Another argument against the proposal is that a universal global tax

E-commerce Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words - 3

E-commerce - Essay ExampleWhen utilized properly, it allows companies and organizations to enhance their profitability, behave into new markets and also provide the consumers with better services and products. It is due to the advantages of the practice that several enterprises, both handsome and large, continue to incorporate it into their operations and procedures. By 2005, the e-business revenue exceeded $2 trillion (Laudon & Guercio 2014). This is a strong communicate that additional businesses are becoming aware of the opportunities that are available and exploiting them for their own benefits and that of the guests. Some of the brick and motor enterprises which had completely physical presence have decided to embrace it to realize the benefits of the innovation (Chaudhury & Kuilboer 2002). It is, however, important to remember that for a brick and motor business to embrace and benefit from e-commerce, it must be ready to counter some of the challenges inherent in the prac tice. With the right approach, positive outcomes will be realized both in the short edge and long term.E-commerce can be defined as a business that is transacted electronically. In most instances, the profit is used (Frieden & Roche 2006). Majority of people take e-commerce to be only about buying commodities over the web. However, it is very much more than this. The practice includes purchasing various items from online sellers, online banking services and redeeming for travel services and accommodation. The basic thinker is that there is minimal or no physical contact between the seller and the buyer of the commodity (Graham 2008). This is unlike the brick and motor business model, which requires the buyer to come to the physical location of the commodities and products and buy them or pay for them.Brick and motor businesses rely on traditional selling platforms (Humeau & Jung 2013). This is the same model that Coventry Books has been using. For a customer to transact any bus iness with Coventry

Capital budgeting, Risk, Return, CAPM Assignment

Capital budgeting, Risk, Return, CAPM - Assignment ExampleBecause lease the meat will be 8 billion * 10 years which is 80 billion which is a huge amount of bills than when he would purchase the Death star through the loan. Leasing in this case adds no profit to the buyer leading to huge losses that will let the project down.A) $780,000 + $15,000 + $75,000 are equal to $870,000 + $90000 which totals to $960,000. It is the total amount of cash used before settling the equipment fully. This should be buzz offn seriously so as not to go for huge losses that let the project down.C) 38% of $120,000 which totals to $45600 which is the reduced those results to deduction in ratable income. This is a very important business valuation aspect. This gives the business the propelling power that will take it to higher levels nationally that will help it to maneuver through the huge world of competition (Smith, 2008).e) If the common chord stock portfolios are incorporated in one stock they ca n do better than when they are of different and distinct parts. They will increase the economy and improve the market share of the three portfoliosg) The important is the correlation in terms of market share between the three stocks. (21.6 + 7 +13.3) / 3 = 13.78 is the beta of the market portfolio. This helps in the increase of the market share of the three

INTERPERSONAL INFLUENCE Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

social INFLUENCE - Assignment ExampleMy ho purpose was a mess my toilet is leaking, renovations were in order, and my husband was word picture the place, an electrician was replacing the old wiring systems, the old furniture had been auctioned, and a plumber was taking anguish of the plumbing system. Simply put, the house was not in a good condition to host my friends.The company was scheduled for the weekend and some of my husbands friends would really want to watch football, which was going to be a problem since we had no cable connection that month.My neighbor happens to have a good home-theater and authentic cable connection this would really come in handy. Therefore, I began by enticing my neighbor with muffins deuce weeks before the party. She liked them so much that she came over for some lessons on baking. I remember she eve baked some for one of her friends who had a birthday a few days later. I considerably let her use my oven because I knew that she would feel oblige d to reciprocate the favor by agreeing to let me use her house for my get-together. I offered to help her make the muffins just in case she got stuck, and even prepared supererogatory niceties (cookies) for her to present to her friend. She was very pleased with my being nice to her. We had not known each other for long, and she did not know many of the friends on my guest list.I had planned for fifteen people, and I was not authorized she would agree to accommodate fifteen strangers in her house. However, I needed a place that was close to mine for the sake of cooking and coordination just in case people needed to sleep over or put their belongings. One day after coming from her friends party, I went over to her place, asked her nigh the party and whether her friend liked the muffins. I told her about my party and that she was invited since we had formed a good friendship. She was a bit surprised when I dropped the bombshell on her about hosting fifteen people at her house. Howe ver, she

In what ways does phonological transfer affects Spanish learners in Research Paper

In what ways does phonological enthrall affects Spanish learners in the nurture of slope - Research Paper characterThe critical abridgment of the articles will explain phonological transfer in the sense of vowel transfers. The other(a) part of the work will make an analysis and recommendations on phonological transfer and their impacts with the two extremes of language. The mistakes of Spanish students in terms of phonology and morphology of language will be analyzed real context. The analysis will integrate the analysis of influencing factors and how they affect the learning of the new language with reiteration being do on English learners as the second language. A conclusion will furnish the readers with my final baulk on the issue of phonological transfer with respect to vowel transfer. The study further shows the interaction surrounded by bilingualism, vowel contrasts, and novel words. Bilingual participants had greater difficulty with the certainty of vowel contrasts th at were contained in learners words, whereas native English participants had no significant difficulty with vowel contrasts in either real or novel words. The principal(prenominal) variables that affected the bilingual participants in the process of phonological transfer were the age of acquisition of English, the report of problems in communication in English, and the overall percentage of time that was devoted to communication and learning in English. grounding A number of previous studies have shown that phonological transfers have a vast impact when it comes to the learning of a language as the second language. The impacts have been observed when it comes to the experience of both the adults in occupation and perception of L2 sounds. Non-native speakers of language the true of pronouncing the vowels argon inversely related to their age as opposed to their accuracy in pronouncing the consonants. Flege (1991b) found out in one of his studies that the non-native Spanish speaker s who went to the US produced English vowels in an intend manner more often than those who went to the US as adults who produced the vowels in a more or less(prenominal) non-intended manner. There was a less spectral overlap between adjacent between the adjacent vowels as spoken by the early bilinguals as compared to those from the late bilinguals (Garcia Perez, 2003). Furthermore, there is the other impact of phonological transfer in terms of the vowel fruit accuracy as they vary among the individuals who began speaking the language when they are adults. Flege (199a) found out that English spoken by students with mild accents were more intelligible than that spoken by students with strong foreign accents. This is despite the fact that the basis of the strong accent with respect to vowel drudgery differences still remaining unknown. There are questions raised though of whether the improvement in vowel production in adults occur naturally when one is exposed to L2 or it needs some special talents. The methodological analysis for the findings above was conducted on ten Spanish speakers and having no other language acquired in the period of the investigate at level 400 or at far the university level. The students were recruited at their respective English classes across the universities of the US states. The students were generally from the same state and were between 20-23 years of age. The average number of years that the students had canvass English was 7.8 with the greatest having studied for 12 years and the least 4 years (Kuhl & Iverson, 1995). A greater percentage of about 60% and above had done the studies of the language for more than 7 years including how vowels go away concerning the experience of the speaker with English language. This

Special Forces Responses to the New Type of Warfare Essay

Special intensity levels Responses to the New Type of Warfare - canvass ExampleDespite the fact that the US is affected by the late type of war very much like other countries, the OCONUS stadium also presents a challenge for the Special Force in the moxie that the UCP stipulation asserts that there is need for the Force to have an effective presence in this region if the new type of warfare is to be handled properly. For many years, the Special Force has had a presence in the OCONUS area but with a focus to protect the US. This has been reflected clearly in the UCP stipulation that limits the ability of the special forces to stop out activities that are created to prevent emerging threats and form strong relationships with foreign militaries that can help encounter the new type warfare. This fact clearly shows that the Special Force needs to change tactics in order to operate effectively (Dinter Jr, 2001).The 9/11 attack brought about a change in consideration of terrorism f rom just a criminal attack to a new type of warfare on a worldwide level. Another issue of concern in the 21st century as a form of new warfare is resource characterized as economic-warfare. Such issues require the Special Force to change its tactics to deal with the new type warfare, which encompasses different issues as shown in this paper. For a farseeing time, the Special Force has used a military strategy to infiltrate into hostile land, sea and or air to conduct a variety of operations, many of them classified to them. Most of the operations carried out by the Special Force are determined to tackle terrorism.

Violent Pride Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Violent Pride - Term newsprint ExampleOn the contrary, as Baumeister will conclude, egotism and feeling of superiority are the major reasons of ferocity towards separates. The questioner writes that counselors, teachers and social worker of the US have always had a wrong and groundless post on the reasons of violence. As a result, what they, together with the parents of competitive or violent yang people, were doing is trying to improve the kids feeling of themselves and their self-esteem. For this reason, as Baumeister observes, many competitions give awards to all the participants, parents and teachers are afraid to criticize children and social institutions encourage early days to perform various kinds of feel-good exercises. Roy F. Baumeister considers such behavior inappropriate since, as he claims, no one has forever proved that low self-esteem is the cause of aggressiveness. The very first statement that helps the author in his research is that self-esteem is relative ly stable. Though small fluctuations may take place every day, they are non signifi stinkert enough to influence the overall picture. However, the correlation mingled with self-esteem level and manifestations of violence exist. opus reviewing lit, the author finds out that people with high but unstable self-esteem are the most aggressive. This and other findings lead Baumeister to the conclusion the low self-esteem theory is faulty. The scientists come across a group of people and gather data on the participants self-concepts and level of narcissism. The results showed that though people with high-self esteem are not necessarily narcissistic, those with a high level of narcissism have, in most cases, high self-esteem. They also measured the peoples aggression and, finally, evaluated threatened-egotism responses. Finally, the major conclusion of the studies stated that narcissists who receive insulting criticism are the most aggressive individuals. The scientists also point out t hat high opinions of themselves shown by aggressive people do not cutis low self-esteem behind them. They also outline that a narcissist is not aggressive by nature. One becomes such only if gets an external stimuli an insult. So the theory of threatened egotism takes into account both internal peculiarities and external situations. In general the article is rather well written. The author uses clear and dim-witted language, explains the major concepts that might be not easy to understand for a person not connect to the field of psychology. The report is well structured, has an introduction, the main body and a conclusion. The subheadings that divide the content into smaller part cannot, however, be said to explain the content of the parts following them. Take a Swig, Take a Swing subheading, for instance, does not tell much about what the subpart of the report will be about. The same can be said about the What about Deep Down and other subheadings used by the writer. In the ge neral, the ideas of the author are presented in a rather clear and concise manner. Baumeister explains why he firm to conduct such a study, what the implications were, and how the study itself was conducted. At the same time, it can be noticed that the results of the literature review of the author show that there are not works that discover the relation between low self-esteem and aggressiveness.

Overview of the Legal Liabilities of Public Officers Essay

Overview of the Legal Liabilities of Public Officers - Essay ExampleAlbeit, litigations filed hostile to the public officers, administrative officer and offices are progressively being termed as f sufficeions or perpetrators with immediate or delegated liability. Furthermore, in order to cite their profound liabilities to the least possible, public officers should constantly take action in the interior of the extent of their functions, project and be familiar with the rules and regulations of their corresponding subdivisions, keep precise and correct inscribed records in contentious cases, have-to doe with effective interactions with the society, and continually refer to legal advisors in cases where there is uncertainty in the course of action. However, around often than none, public officials are favoured with official impunity. Public officers run for office to acquire wealth and power. In some countries, abuses of power are rampant and are being used as leverage for their individualized objectives. As a result, extrajudicial killings become widespread and rambling. This particular study seeks to elaborate on the legal liabilities of public officers. In addition, this should inform the reader regarding the scope of functions of public officers on the whole and provide experience or grounds of assessment from which discretion towards public officers can be obtained. OVERVIEW OF THE LEGAL LIABILITIES OF PUBLIC OFFICERS 2 Introduction The fair play under which government officials operate permits them to inflict injury on others, under confirming circumstances, in established ways, and in carefully (and sometimes non so carefully) calibrated amounts (Mashaw, 1978). Undeniably, in the carrying into action of duty of public officials, unethical use of power is always a possibility. Public officials, under the authorization of the law, are allowed to at least cause injury on others. Albeit their authority to do so is trammel by the existing laws, m b oth public officials are leveraging this prerogative to serve their personal interests. This gives them the hazard to impose coercion in influencing the decision or leanings of their constituents to favour their individual goals, especially during times of election or in passing a particular governmental project from which they can corrupt grand amounts of money. Certainly, the law carries on. What is more alarming is that it sometimes tells the official that a failure to injure - that is, to coerce conformation with a predetermined rule of conduct - is a dereliction of official duty (Mashaw, 1978). While the law is clear that the authority to cause injury on others is delimited on certain grounds, oftentimes, this is being lose and exploited. The interpretation of the law becomes superficial and unconstitutional. It is rather disturbing why the constitution provides such sorts of law that act on the borderline between its use to perform official duty and the feasibility of mis using it. This study does not resolve this weakness but presents the manifold possibilities of divergence from the real intents of the law. The public officials therefore should be cognizant of their legal liabilities. They should carefully interpret the laws provided for them by the constitution. Inasmuch as they have the freedom to use it in any manner they wish to, they OVERVIEW OF THE LEGAL LIABILITIES OF PUBLIC OFFICERS 3 should remember the consequences that it carry. By and large, the purpose of this paper is not to solely scrutinize the validity and the applicability of the law, but to elaborate on the various

International Business Management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

International Business Management - Essay ExampleGovernments, therefore, consecrate to use more sophisticated actor of extending assistance to the domestic industry and such assistance is mandatory to produce results in the form of a viable industry because it is unfair to the national taxpayer or the consumer to go along to suffer if domestic industry cannot compete at least in the domestic market, if not the globular markets. Although there are provisions in the WTO Safeguards Agreements which, because of their broad language, may be used by a national government to impose tariffs if the domestic industry is likely to suffer serious injury, such loopholes are likely to become more difficult to use in the future because of new consensus that is already uphill to close them. Hence, national governments have to assist domestic industry by providing direct and indirect subsidies through with(predicate) management assistance, export assistance, skills development, assistance with research & development as well as information accumulation and dissemination. Governments have to do much more then merely enacting legislation if a nation is to proceed to have a viable domestic industry. This brief essay takes a look at what a national government can do in order to assist domestic industry in the era of trade liberalisation.In an era of international trade liberalisation, there is intense market competitor for goods and services because manufacturers and service providers from all over the world try to sell their manufactured products and services in a national market. As a result of the global movement towards trade liberalisation, nations are postulate to progressively reduce their tariffs to permit market access to producers and suppliers from all over the world. Such access means that the domestic industry is required to compete with the products and services of international manufacturers and service providers on quality, price

Exxon Mobil Resources and Capabilities Essay Example for Free

Exxon Mobil Resources and Capabilities EssayMobile is genius of the most successful companies in the oil and energy industries today. But what makes them so successful? In an cause to answer this drumhead, a thorough internal investigation provoke be abetful in find out what aspects of this association argon making it an industry leader. Two aspects of this internal abridgment of Exxon Mobile are the unions preferencefulnessfulnesss and capabilities. Resources One of the most reputable picks that Exxon Mobil has today is a strong chump name. Exxon Mobil operates all everywhere the humankind and is recognized in every part of the world (Datamonitor, 2008).When people all all oer the world know who a family is, what they do, and where they are located, the comp each gains a unique competitive advantage over the rest of the industry. A good way to analyze this preference is to use the VRINE Model (Strategic Management, 2007). This breaks down in order to analyze its esteem, distinctiveness, inimitability, and exploitability. For this resource Ill start by assessing its observe. The question that must be answered is, does this resource allow the firm to meet market demand or protect the firm from market uncertainties? (Strategic Management, 2007).In the case of the brand name resource, I accept that it discombobulates them ample protection against uncertainty and enables them to compete, if non lead, in the industry. Exxon operates in over 200 countries around the world (Datamonitor, 2008) The fact that this company is present all over the world, and not many early(a) industry competitors operate in so many different regions, proves that this cross resource is very worthy to the company. If a company butt joint possess something that another company lotnot, value is inevitably created for that resource.This resource also protects them from uncertainty because this brand is already established itself inside the market and drop t hrive in it without too much concern about the well being of the company, thus confine some uncertainty. Next in the VRINE model is assessment of its rarity. Do any other companies possess such(prenominal) world across-the-board recognition as Exxon Mobils brand name can bring? There are some companies that have come close in competing with Exxon Mobil, such as ConnocoPhillips and Chevron, but n ace can compare with the unique profitability and opportunities that the name Exxon can bring to a region.The name is undoubtedly believe throughout the world and anciently rivaled. Those aspects of the brand name recognition make this brand name a rarity. The next step in the VRINE model is to assess the inimitability. To assess this, the question of can competitors acquire the valuable and rare resource quickly, or will they face a cost disadvantage in doing so? (Strategic Management, 2007). The simple fact that the Exxon Mobil name is trademarked and registered makes it impossible for any other company to replicate its name. to a fault it would cost a substantial amount to buy out the company and gain its name.This alone makes the brand name inimitable. Now assessment of the nonsubstitutability is needed. The question arises, is there protection against ready substitutes? (Strategic Management, 2007). For Exxon, their name reputation is one that substitutes have a very difficult time matching. Exxon is leading the industry and continues to be a leader of almost every aspect of the industry today. Though substitutes are present in the industry, none can surpass the reputation of Exxon Mobil. The final step in the VRINE Model is to assess the resources exploitability.The question to answer is, can the firm nurture and take advantage of the resources and capabilities that it possesses? (Strategic Management, 2007). For Exxon, they can bring the company anywhere in the world and use the recognizable name to establish credibility and antecedent in that region. This gives the company a considerable advantage when it comes to exploiting its brand name to establish the company around the world. After analyzing the resource using the VRINE Model, all aspects of the model have been met, so it is safe to say that this resource can give them a competitive advantage among its competitors.Another important resource that Exxon possesses is the presence of human expertise gravid throughout the company (Datamoitor, 2008). Exxon employs many scientists and engineers that are researching and finding new ways to gain access to to a greater extent energy resources and make the new basiss less harmful to the environment (Annual Report, 2007). This human capital has proven to be a very important resource for the company as shown by their development of new ways to increase liquid natural gas supplies and enhancing heavy oil recovery (Annual Report, 2007). Using the VRINE model again, I will assess this resource.In analyzing the value of the human exper tise capital, again we must consider whether this resource helps the company meet market demand and can eliminate some uncertainty. In this case, I believe that the unique research department that houses these scientists and engineers is one that gives the company a great capability to compete in the market, and even excel within the industry. I believe it also eliminates some uncertainty because while the company is researching and maturation cutting edge technology, it keeps them experienceable about all the new innovations and ideas that are throughout the industry.This makes the resource very valuable. Next, the rarity of the resource must be analyzed. I believe that this resource is rare because of the unblemished department (the Upstream Research Center) within the company devoted to letting these scientists and engineers use their knowledge to resist the company into the future (Annual Report, 2007). Some companies have R D departments, but they dont posses the musical accompaniment for such expertise and capabilities within these departments like Exxon has in its Upstream Research Center (Annual Report, 2007).This makes the breadth of their scientists and engineers and rare resource among it competitors. Following the VRINE Model, inimitability is the next aspect to analyze. I believe that it would be very difficult for any company to gain the human expertise capital that Exxon has. Exxon pays particular attention to its scientists and engineers by providing opportunities to use their knowledge to help solve every day problems that the company is facing. Many of these scientists and engineers had PhDs in their respective fields, thus making their ideas more credible and valuable to the company (Annual Report, 2007).This make the human expertise capital an inimitable resource because it makes it hard for other companies to replicate the magnitude of the distinguished human capital that Exxon possesses. The next step in the VRINE Model is nonsubsti tutability. It would be nearly impossible for a competing company to substitute an equally effective group of engineers and scientists. The cost would be too great for the company. Exxon is leading the way in Research and Development trends, and substitutes for the tint of employees that Exxon has would be very difficult for other companies, making the nonsubstitutability of Exxons human capital very high.The final step is to analyze the exploitability of the human expertise capital. Exxon has proven that the expertise that is present can be ill-used to develop new and innovative ideas that help Exxon maintain as an industry leader. One example of the case of this exploitation is the development of Metallyte UBW-ES, which is a new polypropylene film for packaging that has unprecedented sealing power (Datamonitor, 2008). This example proves that the exploitability of this human expertise capital makes this resource a valuable asset to the company.After analysis of the human exper tise capital resource using the VRINE Model, it can be said that this resource gives Exxon Mobil a competitive advantage in the industry. Capabilities After assessing the resources that Exxon has available to them, it is now easier to illustrate what Exxons capabilities are because of the acquirement and ownership of these resources. One of Exxons important capabilities is their extensive research and development capabilities.Exxons research and development capabilities are very dynamic in the sense that as new energy conservation and developments arise, they can adapt their research and development departments to meet the new technologies and innovations. Their research and development capabilities go insofar as to improve existing products, and enhance service (Datamonitor, 2008). Using the VRINE Model again, it can be easy to gather up if this capability really gives Exxon a considerable competitive advantage. First we have to look at the value of this capability.Exxon has utili zed the companys valuable resource of human expertise capital do help head the research for new improvements and innovations that help lead the way for Exxon to grow (Annual Report, 2007). One such innovation is the development of Enable mPE, which has substantially reduced waste and energy consumption across a wide variety of film applications (Datamonitor, 2008). This capability allows them compete within the market and gain headway in developing potentially high profit innovations, thus giving value to their research and development capability.Next the rarity needs to be assessed. Though almost all of Exxons competitors have research and development departments, none have invested the amount that Exxon has. Also there are only a handful of top competitors within the energy industry so that alone makes Exxons R D department rare. In fiscal year 2007, Exxon invested $814 million in R D. Though the idea of an R D department is not a rarity in its own right, the amount invested an d products produced because of their extensive R D work makes this a rare capability among its competitors.The next assessment in the VRINE Model is the inimitability of this capability. As mentioned before many other companies have a R D department, but not to the extent that Exxons is being funded and operated. In the past 5 years, Exxon has invested upwards of $3. 5 billion in research and development alone (Annual Report, 2007). real few of Exxons competitors can match that without having an almost impossible financial obligation afterward. That is one exploit that few companies can imitate. The next step is to analyze its nonsubstitutability.

Shakespeares Sonnet 12 and Seamus Heaneys Blackberry-Picking Essay Example for Free

Shakespe ars Sonnet 12 and Seamus Heaneys Blackberry-Picking EssayEndeavor to confront quantify scythe or fork over to fatalism? Compare and Contrast Shakespeares Sonnet 12 and Seamus Heaneys Blackberry-Picking By Sally, Kuok Si Nok, School of Translation and Interpreting, Beijing address and Cultural UniversityHuman in all ages races through lives in an everlasting fight against time. Mens struggle against spirit has been a timeless theme in the literary world. From the early 17th century Sonnet 12, Shakespeares When I do count the clock that tells the time, to Seamus Heaneys Blackberry-picking, written in late 20th century, some(prenominal) poems addresses the effect of Times scythe on the transience decayed in nature as a inbred bike of life however, while Shakespeare adopts a positive attitude in suggesting procreation to defeat time as a temporary solution, Heaney reflects on the inevasible disappointment at the interference of inseparable law of nature. To address the theme of natural cycle, Shakespeare employs elaborated diction and juxtaposes contrasting ideas to measure the changeover of time, nature and youth through life In product line 1 and 2, brave day sunk in hideous night reflects the daily passage of time, line 3 and 4 link nature to humankind, by low evokes a flowers wilting power point to the image of black hair naturally aging an turning grey, line 5 to 7 talk of the rise of season from canopy to barren of leave, to white and bristly beard, indicating snow and winter. Since Heaney metaphorizes old man as white beard on the bier, it can be suggested that he also compares young maid to over-embellished prime and young man to lofty tree. Thus, the implicit use of figurative language hints the universal law of nature on all creatures throughout Sonnet 12 a number which symbolizes hour and month (passage of time).With regard to Heaneys techniques of expression, he visualizes the decaying move of blackberry by reminiscing a childhood activity in countrified Northern Ireland. In the poem, the specific temporal markings alike late August, for a affluent week, At first, rightful(prenominal) one and every year vividly demonstrates the time sequence of blackberry growing before eventual(prenominal) rot the employment of color and texture like green, red, purple g freeingy and hard serves not just to illustrate the ripening blackberries, but also impact on the readers taste and tactile sensation. Most importantly, the anamnesis itself, utilizes both the perspective of Heaney as a young child and an with child(p) looking back, and the half-rhyming pattern suggesting defective memory, both symbolize the passage of time and ageing process. The last line Each year I hoped theyd keep, knew they would not. suggests a repetitive emotional behavior and disillusionment, highlighting the natural law of life.Shakespeare and Heaney, though addressing the same theme, take issue in the motivation and the attitu de toward Times scythe. The former speaks of sterility of bachelorhood and recommends procreation as a gist of immortality in the form of human race, whereas the latter blends autobiological account of disillusionment in rural life with the natural decay of blackberry, impacting the reader on the spiral of disappointment.In Sonnet 12, Shakespeare displays a strident attitude to stoop first, brave day sunk into hideous night the antithetical choice of word establishes a double-dyed(a) contrast, not only between day and night, but above all, the courage and futility of battling against indefensible nature, for brave is meant to indicate a visual brightness and gallantry. A man begins his live bravely, wanting to explore the world some him and learn as much as he can. Once he has reached his prime he begins to come down into his twilight years, and his beard begins to turn silver. The girls who once flocked to him have either been married or have incapacitated interest. His bea uty has waned, and been replaced by the wrinkles and gray hair that mark old age. His life continues thus until he dies exit the world with no one to keep his memory alive. Therefore, the repeated brave in the last line means to endure something without showing fear in this case, that which much be endured is death, or time that go forth take thee hence.Second, the progression of natural creature to human emphasizes the universally incessant movement of time, hidether fright his bachelor friend and readers. Lastly, the third quatrain shifts in tone and the speaker begins to talk directly to the young man, exemplification the inescapable fate of his beauty being engulfed by decay and eventual death. The personification of flowers images the general agreement of all creatures forsaking ones sweets and beauties to nourish offspring. Together with muscular rhyme, the palindrome-like metaphor pushes the poem to a climax.In Blackberry-picking, Heaney frames the the progression of p leasure to disappointment by two separated stanzas he first describes his enthusiasm for picking blackberries, from preference the first black berry of the season to the frenzy of excitement with the involvement of his peer friends he whence reflects on how his attitude towards the berries evolves into revulsion as the berries decay. Together with half-rhymes and abovementioned poetic structure, the elaborated diction and imagery associated with greed, lust, violence, ride and horror further highlight how the speaker laments the effect of time on joyful life and pleasure, both sharing a transitory nature.In line 3 and 4, one of the two only full rhymes of clot and knot invites readers to compare them, reinforcing the stark contrast between hard, unripened and soft, ripe berry. Amongst, the metaphor of a clot draws a comparison between the first berry of the season and a blood clot, first highlighting its soft juiciness and deep rich color of the berry and then associating it with flesh and blood. This introduces the animal(a) nature of berry-picking, which later violent and guilty association await. Words like flesh, thickened wine summers blood, thirstiness and lust are strong expression of human desires, usually pathological craving, which implies the intoxificating effect of the berries on the children and foreshadows of the loss of innocence in coming adulthood (Passage of time). The young ravenously gorge on the blackberries, tasting the stains upon the spittle and lust for PickingThe enjambment of Picking marks the start of the next section of the poem the material picking of blackberry, which can be perceived as the crime scene of human crippling nature. The children are sent out by hunger and desire, disregard of their inked-up hands and mouths, and randomly gather all feasible containers like milk can and jam-pots in order to satisfy their riddle-less lust for berry. They frantically scour the hayfields and potato-drills, manifestly forbid any berry, ripe or not, to spare from their blood-stained mouth, oblivion to treasuring their spoils and throw them in until the tinkling bottom has been covered with green ones- fantasizing endless gratification. The last two lines in the first stanza push the crime, or the process of lust, to a climax, by juxtaposing the victims mutilated corpses staring like a plate of eyes and the assailants sticky palms like Bluebeards an allusion of a black fairytale in which a lord married a succession of squelch girls before murdering them.The minute stanzas choice of word is the antithesis of the first Rat-grey fungus, stinking, fruit fermented and sour starkly contrast with the not-long-ago euphoria, as the berries start to rot and go moldy, marking the post-climax downward slope of emotion plunging to the bottom. Thus, it may hint that Heaney subtly associates the arch-like process of pleasure to that of a sexual intercourse, by both diction and alliteration. Starting from first and fl esh, to briar, fagged our boots and big blobs burned in the middle, then followed by pricks and palms, ending with filled we found a fur and fruit fermented, the deliberate use of alliteration pattern draws association to a complete process of copulation. linguistically speaking, the labiodental /f/ hints the arousal and foreplay, then progress into bilabial /b/ implicating orgasm, finally ends with plosive /p/ and shrill /f/, indicating sudden stop of sensual pleasure along with frustrated insatiability. Therefore, when Heaney introduces the speaker I express feelings that it wasnt fair and always felt like crying, he acts like a petulant child or a dissatisfied teenager.At first, just one, a glossy purple clot Among others, red, green, hard as a knot.That all the lovely canfuls smelt of rot. Each year I hoped theyd keep, knew they would not.These full-rhyming couplets act as a framing device by introducing the first taste of blackberries and the excited frenzy of picking that stem from it, whereas the second couplet epilogue with Heaneys disillusionment by use antithesis to express the futility of fighting against fleeting time, from the perspective of an adult as he recognizes and looks back to the fundamental contradiction in his idea.Nevertheless, Heaney might sound less heavy if he is alluding to a deeper significance metaphorizing blackberry and sensual pleasure as life itself. Hence, within this interpretative framework, Heaney can be understood as mirroring the same literary skill and message that Shakespeare conveys explicitly using natural decay to intimate humans own mortality. Yet, the difference lies in the strong contrast in attitude and motivation, in which Shakespeare confidently persuades his bachelor friend whereas Heaney helplessly laments on his overwhelming fatalism.

Eating Disorders Essay Example for Free

alimentation Disorders EssayEating disorders be devastating and harmful behavioral patterns that occur within mint for numerous reasons. The three types of eating disorders I will be discussing implicate the three most common of the disorders anorexia, bulimia, and compulsive overeating (known as binge eating). Though the disorders take sensible damage on the body, they be not in fact physical illnesses. You ordurenot catch and eating disorder. Rather, they are work forcetal issues that develop more frequently within females but do affect the male community somewhat as well. Eating disorders are very common in our conclusion many people have them or know someone who does. With our cultures unrealistic views on what is beautiful the supper skinny models that woman examine everywhere makes many people think that they have to live up to those standards. Some people incur if they cannot be up to these standards that they are not good enough and this ca handlings them to do things that a person in their normal state of mind would never do. When people starve themselves to like in anorexia they end up developing many different psychological problems and find excuses to keep up with their destructive habits. There are also people who are addicted to eating they use eating as a direction to feel a void that they feel like they have. They lean to use eating as a cooping tool in turn they become obese then they use eating to deal with their economic crisis which ferments as a double edged sword. What they love is what is destroying them physically as well as mentally. This can also be considered emotional eating this is eating when youre angry, sad, or even anxious. umpteen cultures have different views as what is considered attractive these variables play a large part in what peoples aliment habits are this can be seen in the magazines and television from the area to show what they culture isexpecting people to human face like and what they are exp ected to eat. Women have been the main ones with eating disorders but men with them are on the rise this is due to the unrealistic thoughts on them as well. Men are more prone to work out more than what is really necessary that way they get lower body fat. Many men think the lower their body fat the better they are this can cause many different mental issues that were not originally perceived as a female problem. With the current changes in culture the rise in men having eating disorders will keep rising. Bulimia occurs with or without anorexia symptoms. Individuals with bulimia lead to binge eat then self induce vomiting. However, binge eating is sometimes not a component of bulimia. Individuals may eat normal amounts, and then excuse themselves to the bathroom. Another common trait is the use of laxatives, diuretics, and enemas in thoughts that it will excrete those calories. Bulimics are not necessarily underweight. Some are even over weight if not at a normal weight, and they almost always have a self-conceited appearance to their stomachs. Compulsive overeating is a disorder in which individuals overeat, often using food as an addictive substance. As others may turn to alcohol, drugs, or gambling to alleviate stress, compulsive overeaters turn to food. Eating disorders can plague women, and men of any age. With treatment people can overcome eating disorders and call back a normal lifestyle. They of course will always struggle with their initial issues related to food, however the treatments can teach them and give them the strength to overcome the impulses.

Negligence of Tort Essay Example for Free

Negligence of Tort EssayDEFINITIONSIn common law jurisdictions, civil wrong is a civil wrong although in certain circumstances it is also treated as a criminal slip-up e.g. in cases of assault. It is recognized licitly as a basis for an operateion of a lawsuit. TORTIn common law jurisdictions, tort is a civil wrong although in certain circumstances it is also treated as a criminal case e.g. in cases of assault. It is recognized jurally as a basis for an live up to of a lawsuit. Torts be considered at a lower place the law of obligations. Duties obligate under tort law are considered mandatory for all citizens unlike voluntary obligations imposed under contracts. If a person commits a tortuous act, he/ she are legally a Tortfeasor. Tortiuos acts include breach of duties imposed under statutory laws, causing bodily harm to other slew, property, or infringing on anothers legal rights.for there to be a case under tortNEGLIGENCEThis is a legal concept that is usually social functiond to acquire compensation for injuries suffered or accidents met. It is a civil wrong unjust under tort law. Negligence involves behaving in a manner that lacks the legality of protecting other people against foreseeable risks. Under common law for there to be a case under thoughtlessness then the following elements must be satisfied.* Duty of care* Breach of the dutyEXAMPLESExperience Of trauma Arising From That Breach. Donoghue V. StevensonA case of tort on negligence is only successful if the following five elements are met. Firstly, a duty of care must be evident. Donoghue v. Stevenson. Given this fact, we also need to know whether the consequences ofthe defendants act were suitably foreseen. In case of the family hospitable fishing company and Neil, they are legally liable for the quick harm caused to June and Gina. Kent v Griffiths In the case of jack versus the Gosford infirmary, jack has no legal case against the hospital since the soupcon landing that arose was not reasonably foreseen.Topp v London Country Bus LtdIn sum to this, Gina and June invite a legal case against the family friendly fishing company since there was legal law of proximity of relationship through the contract of hiring the boat.Home Office v Dorset Yacht ClubJune and Gina have action against Neil and the family friendly fishing. This is because the company and Neil are professionals in this field and yet they breached the duty they are entailed to do.Bolam v Friern Barnet infirmaryJune has no case against Grosford hospital since the process through which she lost her arm is normal since it does happen. In addition, the hospital done the best it could to help her and thus they cannot be accused of negligence.The Mickey family and the Grosford hospital could all litigate the family friendly fishing for return. However in mitigation the company could claim that there were multiple causes for the injuries suffered, Wilsher v Essex AHAOn the issue of Gina and June the company could claim that the presence of the rare fish on the new sec Wales coast was not a common thing and thus the fish could be a tri justary factor for June and Ginas accident.On the issue of the Grosford hospital, the family friendly fishing could claim that the helicopter taking an emergency landing could have been a contributory factor to factor to Junes loss of her hand.Jack may have a legally binding case against the Grosford hospital. Although this is, the case jack would end up losing at the end. This is because firstly there was no relationship of proximity either legal orphysical between the incidents that triggered his condition. Caparo v Dickman .In addition, the hospital could claim vicarious obligation since at the time of the incident the hospital was on an international mission at the request of the family friendly fishing company.Although Neil is liable for June and Ginas initial accidents he is head protected by law. Although June and Gina have a cas e against Neil, Neil could claim protection under the vicarious liability clause. The vicarious liability refers to the notion that a person can and do become responsible or liable for other peoples liabilities because there exist a legally acceptable relationship. such relationships might include parent-child relationship, or an employer-employee relationship. In this case, the family friendly fishing could be held liable for Neils liabilities since they are the employers. surrounded by the concerned parties, the about liable party is the family friendly fishing company. This is because all the parties concerned in the melee can all sue the family friendly fishing company. This is because the companys negligent actions are the reason why each involved party is at a loss. The company should prepare itself for lawsuit and the family friendly fishing company should brace itself, to be legally ready to pay special amends, general damages as well as punitive damages. On top of this , the company should also be prepared for the courts to issue an injunction against them if it is deemed necessary.CONCLUSIONThe five elements of negligence should be recognizable under tort law. However, as professor Robertson of Texas University has noted the five elements needs to be kept separate, this is because in practice there arises scads of conceptual mistakes or confusions.The use of vicarious liability as a defense against a case of law on tort of negligence has widely been disputed over its rationale. Many scholars have argued that the use of vicarious liability is only intended to find legallya more solvent defendant.In a legal perspective, the family friendly fishing company is supposed to pay special and general damages to Gina and June. This is because the company has caused the two irreparable damage because of its own negligent activities.Damages awarded are usually compensatory but not punitive in nature. For the sake of the family friendly fishing company, the damages it would have to pay would most probably include a punitive element. The punitive element would arise if the employee, Neil would declare that indeed he had asked the company to change the boats gear, although the company declined. This refusal of the company to use standard tools for profiteering reasons would be termed as an act of bitchiness or acting in an callously indifferent way.

Road Project Management Essay Example for Free

Road undertaking Management EssayIn any fox, there should be proper management of the fuddle to be no-hit. Different construes have different fulfillment conditions, and in our case, it is not sp bed. Construction of the road requires a out deporting deal of designing and application of various templatelines to make it fulfill the requirements and suite future generations, and their relevant application plus its effects to the social-economic and culture-political nature of situation.Project Management Body of Knowledge, PMBOK, contains a tailored five phases that guide implementation of a pop out even though these phases sometimes overlap Initiating, inventning, performance, controlling, and closing processes be the five phases (James 2006, pp. 66 70). Initiating process is usually important this is because the necessary details that argon ask for successful apogee of the project are devised. At this time, features like the Activity Completion musical theme (AC R), should be considered and developed finished out of the project (John 1992, pp. 23 45).The idea of refining and defining the objectives of the project should be analyzed in the planning process. early(a) conditions much(prenominal) as project plans and sub-plans should be developed and obtaining the required funding should be a forefront issue before the project begins. The longest and just about important phase is the executing process. This is when the project plan is implemented this is through coordinating different human resources and other resources that are required to lead into successful completion of the project plans. Another important phase is controlling the general process.This is ensuring that the project objectives are met this toilette be checked by use of measuring and monitoring the project increase through regular inspections. This phase overlaps the different phases to en fitted it in tracking variances and changes that may occur (Subhankar 2003, pp. 5 6 70). The last phase is the closing process phase. This stage ensures that the project is brought into an orderly end. This can be obtained by formalizing, and then communicating the conclusion of the project and passing over the completed project to the accountable sector.Other activities that are common in this part of phase are completion of the Activity Completion Report and since this is a major project, it requires post implementation review. When the project phases are under control, the main issue is how the project will be managed. Various issues are brought into consideration to successfully manage the project. Issues such as contracting, environmental impacts, maintaining the project within the plan and human resource distribution are common.Project contracting is the closely important in management since it allows the delivery of the materials, equipments and services to the road region. Contracting is usually affected by the funds that are available and engineering c onsiderations. This may result into poor coordination mingled with the different contractors. This can be prevented when each contract process is well defined in advance. Project safety and environmental considerations should be monitored at each step of the project.Human resource that is within the area including the inhabitants of the area should be ensured that they will be safe throughout the project, and if possible safety measures and parametric should be on stand by. The environment should be preserved and maintained to reduce issues that are related to pollution. This may be repayable to factors such as disposing of the excess amount of soil that was dug out, oil that the machines use as examples of environmental sensitivity in this case (Subhankar 2003, pp. 56 70). Risk is inevitable it is like a natural thing.The uncivilised areas run from contracting to the process at the scene should be analyzed and techniques such as SWOT, cerebrate should be applied in developing a risk matrix. This when applied will reduce issues such as late delivery by contractors and collision of project interest. Project control process comes into plan when trying to maintain the objective of the project. Issues such as the width of the road, road signs, vertical cross-section and environmental should be maintained within the original plans. All project steps should be maintained into the most original proposal plan.Human management is the tricky part since the required human resource should be at the right place at the right time, and it includes issues like team building and delegation of responsibilities. In addition, issues like how leadership should be accorded e. g. authoritative should be checked. In delegation of duties the use of X Y theories may be applied so result into satisfaction of the human resource that are concern (James 2006, pp. 66 70). Total quality management (TQM) is a strategy that is employed by management in ensuring that the quality is obse rved.This brings around the issues of the type of materials that are used and the level of human expertise. The material quality should make full the required standards and during the executing of the process the right mixture of various materials should be observed. An example is the mixture between sand and cement, or the types of beams and steel that is used in construction of the required bridges and culverts (Dwigt 1990, pp. 96 100). aft(prenominal) the completion of the project, project close out process is brought into light. The key elements that are associated with this stage of development are Completion of the Post Implementation Evaluation report (PIER) Completing and archiving the project records. Disbursing the resources e. g. facilities and staff. In addition, recognizing outstanding achievements When the project is completed an issue arise, was the project successful and what was used to measure the level of success. Like quality that requires conformation to the requirements or specifications and fitness for use in the project, also, project success usually requires a combination of project management and product success.Three means that are frequently used to show that the project was successful are cost, schedule and scope objectives. The cost that was required in the completion of the project is within the standards that was pay back Budget. This means that the amount of funds that was used did not pass the estimate. Another issue is the schedule time. The oppugn arises whether the project was completed within the time scale that was proposed. If this was met, then the project is successful in hurt of time. Lastly, the issue that relates to the product which in our case the road.A question such as whether the road was able to accommodate the different types of tracks that are supposed to access it and the traffic issue, if all the conditions that were initially set are met then in terms of project scope is successful. In success of any project, various issues are brought into focus. Starting from the project phases to the success of the project should be managed well, and viewed through different angles. Various issues should be brought into focus, which results in meeting the original plans of the project, and at the same time meets the required quality level.

Jose Rizal Essay Example for Free

Jose Rizal EssayAs all Filipinos very wellspring know Jose Rizal has written many books like Noli Me Tangere and El Filibusterismo to expose the hardship Filipinos be experiencing during the Spanish clip without fearing for what would happen to his life because of this. He was even exiled in Dapitan because of his writing and during this time he did not pointedness luck and even taught the villagers there the importance of education and as a doctor cured those who are sick. His intentions were clear, the willingness to help is always there. I think this is the first step in showing the Fiipinos his intention of helping our fellow Filipinos to build a nation.Our Forefathers became aware of the abuses being done in our country because of what Rizal had written thus awakening the Filipinos knowledge to build a nation not under the influence of any strange People but a nation which should be protected and sockd by its citizen. The intentions also of the distant Leadership t hat was happening in our country that time were revealed by his writing. Abuses of the soldiers, Friars and other Spanish leaders were undetermined to the people and analysing such would be comparing the corruption happening even during those days. Corruption has been a descent cause on why a nation suffers.Jose Rizal during his last days made thru to his intention of his slam for the Nation so that it could be immobile. Sacrificing his life for the Nation who during that time is so panicked and awakening the Katipunan to stomach strong against Foreign Colonialism is surely an indication that this is the start of a strong Nation not afraid to face aggression and to love this country which should be governed by its people and showing his undying love by sacrificing himself just to spark its country man, therefore it is my opinion that Rizal is the spark to build a strong nation here in our Country.

Prejudice, Stereotype, and Discrimination Essay Example for Free

preconceived notion, Stereotype, and Discrimination Essay flip you ever gone a day without judging someone? Probably not. It is so easy to try others without even meaning to do it. In the textbook Education Psychology, Anita Woolfolk describes prejudice as prejudgment or irrational generalization about an entire category of people (Woolfolk, 2008). Prejudice is a major hassle in everyday lives. It is happening all around us. Prejudice can be a verificatory or invalidating thing. It is usually negative, brings people down, and not all the way true. Discrimination is treating or acting unfairly toward eccentricicular categories of people. (Woolfolk, 2008) Conflict Research Consortium says Prejudice and discrimination ar negative manifestations of integrative power. Instead of bringing or holding people together, prejudice and discrimination push them aside. (Prejudice and Discrimination, 1998) Prejudices can be judged by race, appearance, gender, values, location, and religi on. By about the age of four, children are aware of differences among people, like appearance, lyric poem and names. Later they move aware of religious and cultural distinctions. adolescent children will not develop biases unless their parents ascertain them to be prejudiced. Even without direct coaching from their parents, many younker children develop racial prejudice. (Woolfolk, 2008) It is doleful that children are learning about racial prejudice at such a young age. Young children may or may not be aware of the special treatment boys tend to acquire from their teachers over girls. They are very much aware that their feelings, opinions and beliefs receive less consideration because of their youth.When children approach adolescence, they become more alert of the subtle prejudices about the differences in social class and religion. Stereotyping is a schema that organizes friendship or perceptions about a category. (Woolfolk, 2008) It is so hard not to stereotype others. St ereotyping organizes what you know or believe about people into groups. People use stereotypes to make sense of the world. Stereotypes distort information to die your thinking better.Prejudice creates social and emotional tension, can lead to fear and anxiety and occasionally ill will and violence, and can ruin the self-esteem and self-confidence of those being ridiculed and make them feel terrible, unaccepted, and unworthy. Childrens school consummation suffers, they may become depressed and socially withdrawn. (Prejudice, 2007) Prejudice, stereotypes, and discrimination have been going on for a broad measure. African Americans were considered worthless a long time ago. They were used as slaves. There were segregated schools, buses, and stores. In 1963, Martin Luther King, Jr. gave his speech about whites and blacks should be treated equally.The laws started to change after that point in time. I do not think prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination has gone down. I think i t is still a unfit factor in society. This parenting website I looked at said this children are also being exposed to various cultures through the media. They are learning and forming opinions about people and events all over the country and the world. As a result, there is more of a pick up and opportunity to help children learn to understand and value diversity. (Prejudice, 2007) Children need to know why people are different and do things differently.Media is still a big part of prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination. Children see what actors and actresses wear and how they act in movies. They see the commercials about food (if I eat this, I will look like that). I think as teachers and parents we need be good examples for children today. They should not say bad things about people in front of children. Teachers and parents need to tell children that it is okay to be friends with a person who is different. I found an article on this website that parents have asked some q uestions about prejudice. more or less of the questions are Is there prejudice in public schools? Yes. Do educators hold different expectations for minority children? Yes. ar children denied access to advanced or gifted placement classed based on racial biases? Yes. Can the combat against prejudice in public education be successfully fought and won? Yes. (Prejudice and Discrimination In popular Schools, 2001) I really like the last question, prejudice can be fought and won. It all starts at home, parents are their childs first teacher. Children see what their parents say and how they act.One example of stereotyping that I thought of was that I did an internship my senior year of high school. I helped a second grade teacher. After a duplicate of times going into the class, the teacher would always whisper to me about this shrimpy girl. She says she never gets anything right, she always has mussy hair, she is always talking, and the list went on and on. One Sunday I was at church and I maxim that girl. I told my mom what the teacher had told me about that girl. My mom said that she has had a hard couple of months. She told me that the little girls mom had left her and her family.I felt really bad for the girl. After that day, I started to recognize the girl. I would say hi to her when I would see her. I did not care what she looked liked. To this day, the girl always comes up to me in church and gives me a hug. Stereotyping often results from and leads to prejudice. Prejudice leads to discrimination. Prejudice can be spread by the use of propaganda. Language, particularly slang, is often used to dehumanize members of certain groups of people. (Grobman, 1990) totally three of these judgments go together. It is hard to do one without doing the other two.It is really bad that people instead make judgments about people than getting to know them. People really need to take the time to know the person or group of people before they start making judgments. It i s sad that young children are making judgments about people. Parents and teachers need to turn prejudice, stereotyping, and discrimination around. It can be fought and won. Works Cited Grobman, G. M. (1990). The HolocaustA lean for Teachers. Retrieved November 29, 2009, from A Guide for Teachers Web site http//remember. org/guide/History. root. stereotypes. html Prejudice.(2007, June). Retrieved November 29, 2009, from American Academy of Pediatrics http//www. aap. org/publiced/BK5_Prejudice. htm Prejudice and Discrimination. (1998). Retrieved November 29, 2009, from Conflict Research Consortium http//www. colorado. edu/conflict/peace/problem/prejdisc. htm Prejudice and Discrimination In reality Schools. (2001). Retrieved November 29, 2009, from The Public School Parents Network http//www. psparents. net/Prejudice%20%20Discrimination. htm Woolfolk, A. (2008). Education Psychology Active erudition Edition. Boston Pearson Education, Inc.

Outline and comment on the two schools Essay Example for Free

scheme and comment on the two schools EssayOutline and comment on the two schools of thought multiform in the study of the nature-nurture debate in teaching. Explain, using examples, why this debate gives rise to so untold controversy.The debate concerning the two schools of thought involved in the study of the nature versus nurture is one of the close to controversial and long-lasting debates in psychology. Psychologists disagree whether a particular part of doings had taken perspective through genic and heredity factors or through experience in their milieu and learning. Psychologists are act to answer, What makes us who we are? and consider two main influences.Firstly nature which is involved in genes and heredity, and their influences on our development, and secondly nurture which is involved in external influences on our development such as the surround and nurturing. Psychologists were divided into two schools of thought, first offly the nativists, who are conce rned with the nature side of the debate. In 1943 Gesell argued that genes and chromosomes that are communicable are the main influence in pincer development (Hayes and Orrell 1996, pg 2). For example Gesell found that the development of strong-arm coordination in a baby seemed to follow an orderly sequence, beginning with its head, and gradually moved down the body. Gesell regarded these sequences of development as being fixed and genetically determined (Hayes N 1993, pg 31).See more what is essay put Genes are lengths of DNA, which carry instructions that control everything that happens inside a cell. They are passed onto the next propagation in order to avoid extinction. Each body cell contains two sets of 23 chromosomes and each chromosome contains up to 4000 genes. (Barber M et al 2000, pg 480). Every newborn baby has around 60,000 genes they cause two copies of each gene and acquire one set from the mother and one set from the father. (Barber M et al 2000,pg 504). We port ray some of these genes in our similarities in appearance to our parents or other members of our immediate family, or when generations have been skipped. For example our eye and tomentum colour is similar or our height, build and weight is similar to our parents.Genes can be recessive or dominant. For example The gene that gives the colour in brown eyes is a dominant gene and the disconsolate gene that results in blue eyes is a recessive gene. A child will have brown eyes if one of its parents had brown eyes even if the other parent had blue eyes. That child will still have the blue-eyed gene and may pass it on to the next generation (Hayes and Orrell 1996, pg 5).Some diseases are communicable mainly because of imperfect genes. For example Huntingdon disease is caused by a faulty gene and causes premature degeneration of the brain (Barber M et al 2000,pg 504). Downs syndrome is another example of a genetic disorder, which has resulted from the presence of an extra chromosome and causes physical and mental handicaps to different degrees of severity (Hayes and Orrell 1996, pg 4).As well as inherited characteristics and features there is also evidence of inherited deportment. This was channelisen in 1938 in Lorenz and Tinbergens 4 characteristics in animal behaviourStereotyped this behaviour happens the same way every time.Species specific this behaviour is specific to a authoritative type of animal.Isolation this behaviour is the same as others of their species, even if they have been isolated.No practice this behaviour appears as a complete unit even if the animal has had no chance to practice it. (Hayes and Orrell 1996 pg 9 Class notes)Imprinting is a type of behaviour that can form rapid attachments and is also believed to be genetically influenced.For example Ducklings had become imprinted on a human being. Lorenz found that ducklings would adopt him if he were the first moving thing they saw. He believed this would only take place in the critica l period, up to 25 hours after hatching. This was questioned by, (W Slucking in 1964.) After his own study of the same experiment, he found the period was elongated if the ducklings were isolated from one another, and hadnt been able to imprint on each other (Hayes N 1993, pg 39).Behaviours we inherit dont show up all at once. Certain forms of behaviour emerge when the individual is mature enough. This is known as maturation, for example, the physiological changes that take place in puberty (Hayes Orrell 1996 pg 7). There are disagreements between the nativists and behaviourists about whether or not maturation is purely genetic. (Hayes N 1993, pg 32).This brings the debate to the other side of the disagreement and behaviourists also known, as empiricists, believe nurture is the main influence in development. In 1913, J.B. Watson attempted to make psychology scientific.Previously psychology had concentrated on the study of the mind, Watson argued that the mind was not suitable for valid scientific research, so instead he studied behaviour (Hayes N 1995, pg 3). Watson was a total empiricist believing the environment was the only important factor in an individuals development. He considered that a child was born as tabula rasa a blank slate, which experience would write upon to produce the person (Hayes Orrell 1996, pg 2.

Treatments of Parkinson’s diseases Essay Example for Free

Treatments of Parkinsons diseases EssayParkinsons disease is a neurological condition that affects the sufferers mobility and overly the speech. It affects the central nervous remains go alonging to a persons inability to take for body movement and also speech. It is a disease whose treatment does not in endure to cure it scarce instead, aims at controlling its manifestation. thither ar mingled ways in which this mickle be do. It whitethorn involve the procedure of drugs, performance of surgery and also physical exercise is encouraged. It progresses gradually from the early stages with minor symptoms to youthfulr stages with skanky symptoms. The disease is as a result of lowered arrangement and functionion of dopamine which is produced by the dopaminergic neurons found in the brain. This then led to the formation of drugs that will all increase the formation or mimic the actions taken by dopamine in the brain. This was important be shit an increase in the level s of dopamine would lead to a reduction of the effectuate of the disease. All the drugs utilise to control the disease all imply dopamine as their main active agent regardless of how it working. Depending on which class of drugs it belongs to, it may either mimic or produce dopamine. Among the earliest forms of treatments argon the anticholinergics. These were utilise even before the introduction of levodopa which is the more or less widely occasion drug. The anticholinergics had very meek benefits when they were comp ared to the harmful side effect that followed its use. The side do complicate having a dry mouth, urine retention which especially occurs among men, it also causes very severe constipation and nausea. in that location are some other side do that occur that are more serious and are among the major reasons why the use of these drugs has become minimal. These include confusion memory loss and hallucination (http//www.mayoclinic.com). The realisation that th e benefits realized were much less than the side effects it causes has led to the reduction of its prescription. Since some anti-depressants and antihistamine diphenhydramine tend to have the almost the same effects as the anticholinergics, some doctors prescribe them to older nation who are anguish from Parkinsons disease. Once an individual realizes that they are having hallucinations and the other severe symptoms, it is adviced that the use of the drug be stopped immediately. Levodopa is drug that was introduced in 1967 and is currently the most commonly used drug. It is mostly addressed to as Sinemet and is used to help restore the control that one has over the muscles. It is referred to as a gold pattern because it is introduced at the time when the symptoms are very mild at the onset of the disease. Once it gets into the body, it is converted interior the brain into dopamine. It therefore increases the level of dopamine that is found in the brain and counters the effects o f the disease. (http//www.fdu.gov). the conversion to dopamine is what leads to the positive effects that a forbearing experiences when using the drug. It however has very serious side effects which include nausea and dy scrape upesias (involuntary movement). This occurs because only a small percentage of it enters the dopaminergic neurons to be transformed into dopamine in the brain. The rest of it is transformed in to dopamine in the body. It therefore becomes necessary to use cardibopa which delays the metabolism of levodopa until it reaches the dopaminergic neurons in the brain. The combining hence helps reduce the side effects caused by the drug because once the metabolism takes dwelling only in the brain it means that the side-effects are not felt as much as when it occurs in the body.The other problem posed by the use of this drug is that its dosage needs to be increased over time. It has also been observed that it works on and off without any explained cause as to why this happens. This makes it unreliable because its effects are not constant and at times the patient gets risky attacks slice still under medication. The various side effects and unreliability of levodopa leads to the necessity to combine it with various other drugs to make it more effective. Some of these drugs send word be used on their own while others actually require to be used with the levedopa-cardibopa combination. A cluster of drugs called dopamine agonists are usually used in a combination with the levodopa-cardibopa drugs. They loafer however also be used on their own. If used without the use of cardibopa-levodopa therapy, it can only be when the diseased has not progressed far and also only works well in younger adults. In other words it is used alone when the symptoms are mild and only in younger adults. This class of drugs does not produce or help in the payoff of dopamine but instead imitates the effects that dopamine has in the body. (http//www.mayoclinic.com). In o ther words, they tend to act on behalf of dopamine. This class of drugs include Apokyn, Requip, Parlodel and Mirapex. Parlodel used to be administered some time back but of late its use has become less. This is because it had very serious side effects that endangered the patient more than it benefited him/her. It would cause inflammation in the lungs and/or heart valves of the user and thus would lead to further deterioration of the patients health. In general this class of drugs has side effects that are almost similar to those of carbidopa-levodopa but with slight differences. The effects of having involuntary movement are reduced while those of hallucinations and/or sleepiness are increased. The drug Mirapex takes up the role of dopamine in the body as it is one of the dopamine agonists. When it is used in the absence of levodopa-cardibopa, it causes a 30% improvement in the health of the patient. When used in combination, it is able to reduce the stirring of the levodopa dosag e by about 25%. Requip is also a dopamine agonist that can also be used either alone or with levodopa. When used together with levodopa, it can reduce the dream of the close by around 31%. The reduction of the dosage is on top of increased benefits to the patient (http//www.fda.gov).Catechol-o-methyltransferace inhibitors which are usually abbreviated as COMT inhibitors, are used block the enzymes that miscarry set down the levodopa into dopamine even before it reaches the brain thus causing severe side effects and minimal benefits to the patient. They can be used in combination with the levodopa-cardibopa therapy. The two main COMT inhibitors are Tasmar and Entacapone. Tasmar is rarely used because of its severe impact on the health of the user. It causes severe liver damage and hence is only used as a populate resort if the patient has failed to respond to any other therapy (http//www.mayoclinic.com) Stalevo is the result of a combination of cardibopa, levodopa and entacapone. Entacapone does not have side-effects as severe as those of tasmar and hence is preferred than tasmar. Its major side-effect is the involuntary movements go with by the user. It works in conjunction with the cabidopa-levodopa therapy by increasing their availability. This is through by blocking the enzymes that break down the substance into dopamine until the drug is already in the brain. This then means that the effects of cabidopa-levodopa are prolonged because they occur only in the brain. Selegiline also referred to as Eldepryl is another drug that can either be used with or without the front end of carbidopa-levodopa therapy. It works by preventing the metabolism of dopamine. It does this by slowing down the activity of one of the enzymes that metabolize dopamine. This is the monoamine oxidase B which is abbreviated as MAO-B. The use of selegiline has other positive effects like delaying the need of carbidopa-levodopa. When combined with carbidopa-levodopa it improves the e ffectiveness of the drug. It can however have some adverse venomous responses when combined with Demerol which is a narcotic drug. Apart from ingesting drugs, they can be administered through the skin through the use of a silicon-based patch. Rotigotine is a dopamine agonist drug that can be administered through the skin but can only be used in the early stages of the disease. This is called Neupro-rotigotine transdermal system. The patch requires to be changed every 24 hours. It works by stimulating the dopamine receptors in the body. Its side-effects include skin reaction where the patch is hallucinations, insomnia, drowsiness, sleep-attacks, nausea, vomiting and the most severe is the reduction in blood pressure once the person stands up (http//www.fda.gov). Amantadine is another drug that is used in treatment of Parkinsons disease but its use was discovered by accident. Initially it was to be an antiviral used in the treatment of influenza and was approve as such in 1976 by F ood and Drug Administration. It was however discovered to provide quietus if only short term when used alone in the early stages of the Parkinsons disease. When it is combined with carbidopa-levodopa it can be used by those in the later stages. It has side effects that mostly involve projection of the ankles and also turning the skin color to purple (http//www.mayodinic.com). In every human beings body, there is the presence of coenzyme Q10 which is produced by the mitochondria. This enzyme is used in the transport of electrons so that they can gain energy from the oxygen inhaled. This is done in the process called cellular respiration. The levels of this enzyme are very low in those suffering from Parkinsons disease. These people can therefore benefit greatly by having more of this enzyme which can only be done by taking supplements. This then aids in helping slows down the onset of the disease and these supplements can be brought from a pharmacist. Apart from the use of drugs, t here are various surgeries that can be used to control the effects of the disease. One of the surgeries is pallidotomy which involves the destruction of a small bit of the globus pallidus. This is because it is overactive in those suffering from Parkinsons disease. It is done by drilling a small hole in the skull and using an galvanizing probe to do the destruction. It can only be done when the patient is sedated but awake so as the judge his or her reactions to stimuli. It is done on one side of the brain at a time and may be done more than once if necessary. Its side effects mostly involves impair speech (http//www.fda.gov) Thalamotomy is another surgical procedure used in the control of Parkinsons disease. It is only performed on those patients who are experiencing tremors in either the hand or the arm and these tremors become too severe to the organize of disabling that person. It involves the destruction of a specific group of cells that are in the thalamus in the brain. It has been found to be successful in that it reduces or completely eliminates the tremors in around 90% of those who undergo the procedure (http//www.fda.gov).There is also the presence of a gadget that can be equalized to the pacemaker used for cardio problems and is referred to as a brain pacemaker (http//www.fda.gov).This is a form of therapy is referred to as Active Tremor Control Therapy. It involves the surgical nidation of an insulated wire to the brain. It is placed in the thalamus region of the brain, the subthalamic nucleus, and also the globus pallidus area of the brain. It is referred to as a neurostimulator whose main parturiency occurs in the process of a tremor occurring.The whole system includes three components which are lead, indication and the neurostimulator. This system is referred to as Deep Brain Stimulation because it occurs directly inside the brain. A small hole is make in the skull and through it the lead is inserted into the brain. The lead is a very thin wire that is insulated. The tip of the lead is in contact with the area that has been targeted. Once it has been implanted, it is connected to the neurostimulator by the extension which is also an insulated wire (http//minds.nih.gov).The extension passes under the skin and moves from the head, to the neck, shoulder and finally to where the neurostimulator is located. The neurotransmitter is located either under the collarbone, in the abdomen or the lower chest area just directly under the skin. The neurotransmitter involves a battery pack that sends electrical impulses to the brain. This is done through the extension and finally the lead. When the person is undergoing tremors, he or she is supposed to pass a handheld magnet over the location of the neurostimulator.The electrical impulses that are sent by the neurostimulator work by blocking the electrical signals that are the cause of the Parkinsons disease symptoms. These are dysfunctional brain signals and they are the cause of the tremors. This procedure is preferred because it does not destroy the nerve cells and hence when one wants to stop its use it is as easy as having the system surgically removed. This is then makes it possible for one to use it substantially especially as it has minimal if any side effects. This system has no reported side effects as yet as it only involves inserting and removing a piece of wire in the brain.Works citedHenkel John, Parkinsons Disease New Treatments Slow Onslaught of Symptoms U.SFood and Drug Administration 1998. Retrieved on 22 November 2007 from http//www.fda.gov/fdac.features/19981498.htmlMayoclinic.com Tools for better lives Parkinsons disease Treatment April 12 2007Retrieved on 22 November 2007 from http//www.mayoclinic.com/health/parkinsons-disease/DS00295/DSECTION=8National bring in of Neurological Disorders and Stroke NINDS Deep Brain StimulationFor Parkinsons Disease Information Page last update Nov 19 2007 Retrieved on 22 November 2007 from http//www.n inds.nih.gov/disorders/deep_brain_stimulation/deep_deep_stimulation.htmU.S Food and Drug Administration Neupro Patch for Parkinsons authorise May 142007 Retrieved on 22 Nov 207 from http//www.fda.gov/consumer/updates/neupro051407.html